Camera settings research : Shutter speed, aperture and white balance.

In this post, I would like to briefly describe to you 3 methods that can be used for photo shoots and why it is worth knowing about them.

First What is a shutter speed?

Shutter speed is exactly what it sounds like – the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in —while a slow shutter speed gives the photographer a longer exposure.
The shutter is a curtain in front of the camera sensor that remains closed until you start shooting. Once you click the button to take a photo, the shutter opens and lets in light that passes through the lens, exposing the sensor to it. Then the shutter closes again. The length of time the shutter remains open is determined by its speed.

While shutter speed is measured in fractions of a second, on most cameras it appears as a whole number. When it’s equal to or longer than one second you should see 1” (the quotation marks identifying a second). If it’s a fraction of a second – such as 1/250th – you should see 250. For example:

1” = shutter speed of 1 second.
10” = shutter speed of 10 seconds.
10 = shutter speed of 1/10th of a second.
500 = shutter speed of 1/500th of a second.

Shutter Speed

As an example of shutter speed, I use Warren Keelan photo.

Aquatech housing

The photo was made with Cannon EOS 50 Mark IV EF 70-200mm f/2.8 using lens 1/2500s @f/6.3

 ISO 320.

Then What is the aperture in the camera?

An Aperture can be defined as the opening in a lens through which light passes to enter the camera. It is an easy concept to understand if you just think about how your eyes work. As you move between bright and dark environments, the iris in your eyes either expands or shrinks, controlling the size of your pupil.
In photography, the “pupil” of your lens is called aperture. You can shrink or enlarge the size of the aperture to allow more or less light to reach your camera sensor. The image below shows an aperture in a lens:

Aperture can add dimension to your photos by controlling the depth of field. At one extreme, the aperture gives you a blurred background with a beautiful shallow focus effect. This is very popular for portrait photography.

At the other extreme, it will give you sharp photos from the nearby foreground to the distant horizon. Landscape photographers use this effect a lot.
On top of that, the aperture you choose also alters the exposure of your images by making them brighter or darker.

Lens Aperture chart for beginner 

Here you see an example of an Aperture:

Bokeh Love - Leaf by Alex Lewis

Then last I choose white balance.

White balance is used to adjust colors to match the color of the light source so that white objects appear white. Subjects may be lit by several different light sources, including sunlight, incandescent bulbs, and fluorescent lighting. Although to the naked eye all these different light sources may appear colorless, in fact, they emit light of different colors. The image sensor in a digital camera will reproduce these color differences just as they are, with the result that without additional processing the color of the photograph would appear to change according to the light source. The auto white balance automatically processes the image to remove unwanted color casts by, for example, making photographs taken under incandescent bulbs bluer to correct the reddish cast of this type of lighting. Normally, auto white balance will produce the desired results without the photographer having to worry about the type of lighting. If the auto white balance does not produce the desired results, the photographer can choose from several fixed white balance options according to the weather or the light source. The photographer can also choose a setting for direct sunlight or incandescent lighting to introduce a deliberate red or blue cast according to their creative intent.

I will find great use in all three of the strategies I've discussed for my sessions. I'm sure the first one with the shutter speed will come in handy because I am aware that not all kids can sit still. With moving subjects—in my case, children—this technique has shown me that shutter speed may significantly affect the appearance and quality of a photograph.

However, the camera's aperture has a significant impact. I am aware that the aperture affects exposure and is crucial in deciding, together with the ISC sensitivity and shutter speed, the ideal exposure of the image because we discussed this in the photography module at the beginning of my studies. The link between aperture and depth of field is yet another crucial consideration.

White balance was the final method I concentrated on. Through my studies, I was able to comprehend digital white balance and avoid color casts, which improved images under a wider range of lighting circumstances.

Having learned a little about each of these strategies, I believe I will employ each one. On any camera, the approaches are simple to set up.

Cheat sheet: White balance presets.

Reference 

https://jakspedding.co.uk/what-does-shutter-speed-mean/

https://photographylife.com/what-is-aperture-in-photography

https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/tutorials/cheat-sheet-white-balance-settings